Higher exposure: Job Rankings Compare AI task exposure across occupations, alongside pay and projected growth. 709 occupations in this view. The score is a relative index of task exposure from 0 to 100. It is not a percentage chance of losing a job or a forecast of layoffs. Individual tasks, employer choices, adoption, and regulation all matter.
Occupation data. Exposure is an index out of 100, not a probability. Occupation Exposure /100 Median annual wage Stored growth projection Employment Credit Analysts 100 $80,970 -4.4% 63,700 Data Entry Keyers 96 $37,790 -22% 162,700 Technical Writers 94 $91,670 +0.9% 57,600 Cashiers 92 $30,710 -10% 3,336,300 Word Processors and Typists 92 $44,150 -22% 36,800 Medical Transcriptionists 88 $37,930 -6% 48,300 Telephone Operators 88 $39,740 -15% 5,300 Meter Readers, Utilities 88 $46,380 -15% 22,500 Tax Preparers 82 $48,060 -1% 62,700 Tellers 82 $37,080 -15% 358,800 Gambling Change Persons and Booth Cashiers 82 $29,510 +3% 12,000 Telemarketers 82 $31,520 -7% 89,200 Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service 82 $35,610 -15% 73,900 Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks 82 $47,080 -10% 49,600 File Clerks 82 $37,950 -10% 128,600 Computer Operators 82 $50,240 -12% 41,600 Office Machine Operators 82 $37,460 -10% 29,200 Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks 78 $47,440 -5% 1,533,500 Packaging and Filling Machine Operators 78 $37,340 -3% 285,400 Taxi Drivers 78 $36,480 +12% 368,300 Parking Attendants 78 $31,500 +3% 149,800 Correspondence Clerks 78 $43,340 -10% 7,700 Order Clerks 78 $39,320 -10% 98,900 Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators 78 $52,060 -10% 96,800 Desktop Publishers 78 $48,020 -15% 10,100 Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators 78 $36,850 -10% 62,600 Proofreaders and Copy Markers 78 $46,430 -5% 9,500 Machine Feeders and Offbearers 78 $36,860 -5% 41,300 Financial Analysts 77 $101,350 +5.7% 382,300 Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 76 $44,400 -10% 1,752,400 Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 76 $52,090 -5% 143,400 Loan Officers 72 $67,600 +2% 382,700 Fast Food and Counter Workers 72 $29,080 +3% 3,997,800 Bill and Account Collectors 72 $41,300 -2% 214,900 Receptionists and Information Clerks 72 $35,880 -5% 1,080,700 Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants 72 $72,400 -14% 420,700 Office Clerks, General 72 $39,760 -5% 2,856,200 Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other 72 $38,760 -3% 1,086,800 Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers 72 $52,830 -2% 55,800 Communications Equipment Operators, All Other 72 $43,700 -5% 2,500 Billing and Posting Clerks 72 $43,800 -2% 466,600 Procurement Clerks 72 $46,840 -5% 63,900 Brokerage Clerks 72 $57,050 -5% 55,700 Loan Interviewers and Clerks 72 $47,700 -5% 177,600 New Accounts Clerks 72 $42,900 -5% 43,800 Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks 72 $42,600 -5% 110,800 Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping 72 $38,780 -5% 59,900 Legal Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 72 $52,400 -10% 145,400 Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks 72 $47,220 -5% 303,500 Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers 72 $40,900 -5% 9,900 Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers 72 $39,270 -5% 176,800 Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 72 $40,120 -3% 130,700 Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 72 $39,770 -3% 105,800 Prepress Technicians and Workers 72 $46,600 -8% 25,900 Print Binding and Finishing Workers 72 $37,360 -8% 38,900 Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials 72 $30,210 -8% 31,700 Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators 72 $37,200 -8% 17,100 Passenger Vehicle Drivers, Except Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity 72 $36,480 +12% 368,300 Conveyor Operators and Tenders 72 $39,260 +3% 34,400 Packers and Packagers, Hand 72 $32,670 +3% 561,400 Computer Programmers 70 $98,670 -6% 109,870 Special Effects Artists and Animators 70 $99,800 +1.6% 84,400 Accountants and Auditors 69 $81,680 +4.6% 1,502,500 Customer Service Representatives 68 $39,680 -5% 2,829,600 Helpers--Production Workers 68 $34,430 -2% 333,800 Stockers and Order Fillers 68 $34,680 +0% 2,186,500 Pharmacy Technicians 68 $40,300 +6% 462,600 Interviewers 68 $38,520 -5% 143,200 Shipping, Receiving, and Inventory Clerks 68 $38,280 -5% 692,600 Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers 68 $31,420 -8% 160,400 Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks 68 $31,990 +3% 261,200 Dishwashers 68 $29,400 +5% 558,700 Gambling Cage Workers 68 $33,400 +3% 13,700 Postal Service Clerks 68 $52,240 -10% 97,100 Team Assemblers 68 $38,090 -3% 935,000 Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 68 $34,010 -5% 12,000 Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders 68 $38,960 -3% 15,700 Locomotive Firers 68 $74,930 -5% 1,100 Railroad Signal and Switch Operators and Locomotive Firers 68 $74,930 -5% 5,800 Computer Systems Analysts 65 $103,790 +8.7% 540,800 Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers 65 $226,600 +3.9% 97,700 Market Research Analysts 62 $74,680 +8% 905,000 Paralegals and Legal Assistants 62 $60,970 +4% 351,800 Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians 62 $60,780 +5% 343,900 Security Guards 62 $36,680 +5% 1,163,200 Retail Salespersons 62 $33,920 +0% 3,682,400 Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers 62 $36,500 +4% 2,696,500 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers 62 $44,880 -3% 605,500 Locomotive Engineers 62 $78,620 -5% 37,000 Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators 62 $42,360 +1% 824,800 Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators 62 $75,070 -4% 301,200 Architectural and Civil Drafters 62 $63,840 +0% 78,400 Budget Analysts 62 $84,940 +3% 55,600 Mechanical Drafters 62 $61,440 -2% 47,100 Library Technicians 62 $39,610 -3% 84,100 Parking Enforcement Workers 62 $48,190 +3% 11,600 Cooks, Fast Food 62 $28,900 +8% 774,700 Gambling and Sports Book Writers and Runners 62 $28,850 +3% 13,300 Human Resources Assistants 62 $47,710 -5% 115,300 Couriers and Messengers 62 $36,850 -5% 60,200 Medical Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 62 $42,600 +5% 534,000 Statistical Assistants 62 $52,560 +3% 13,800 Engine and Other Machine Assemblers 62 $48,090 -3% 28,200 Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders 62 $39,310 +3% 20,300 Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 62 $41,430 -3% 63,700 Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 62 $44,010 -3% 20,900 Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 62 $45,230 -3% 25,200 Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 62 $42,840 -3% 16,800 Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 62 $40,780 -3% 58,100 Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 62 $44,620 -3% 27,700 Printing Press Operators 62 $42,230 -8% 135,600 Sewing Machine Operators 62 $33,180 -5% 119,800 Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders 62 $35,080 -5% 10,900 Textile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 62 $37,380 -5% 18,300 Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood 62 $37,070 -5% 27,000 Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 62 $42,440 +3% 25,300 Cutters and Trimmers, Hand 62 $36,160 -5% 15,300 Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 62 $39,310 -3% 56,400 Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 62 $40,410 -3% 58,500 Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders 62 $38,500 +3% 13,800 Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 62 $42,560 -5% 35,800 Rail Yard Engineers, Dinkey Operators, and Hostlers 62 $56,200 -5% 4,100 Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators and Locomotive Firers 62 $74,530 -5% 14,200 Subway and Streetcar Operators 62 $79,230 +3% 8,700 Bridge and Lock Tenders 62 $55,690 +3% 2,300 Computer User Support Specialists 58 $60,810 +5% 914,300 Graphic Designers 58 $60,360 +2% 266,440 Interpreters and Translators 58 $57,090 +4% 72,100 Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks 58 $55,060 +2% 440,100 Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers 58 $54,320 +4% 2,038,600 Driver/Sales Workers 58 $36,170 +3% 434,800 Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers 58 $28,640 +5% 167,500 Purchasing Agents 58 $66,800 -5% 232,000 Cost Estimators 58 $71,200 +1% 208,300 Court Reporters and Simultaneous Captioners 58 $63,450 +3% 26,100 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians 58 $47,700 +5% 168,700 Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers 58 $29,930 +5% 578,500 Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants 58 $31,600 +5% 16,100 Counter and Rental Clerks 58 $35,740 +3% 480,200 Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers 58 $33,570 -3% 14,900 Information and Record Clerks, All Other 58 $43,500 +3% 362,100 Postal Service Mail Carriers 58 $55,380 -5% 333,100 Office and Administrative Support Workers, All Other 58 $40,590 +3% 542,100 Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders 58 $35,680 +3% 30,400 Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators 58 $47,560 +3% 157,800 Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing 58 $38,520 -3% 37,800 Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 58 $42,550 +3% 98,200 Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians 58 $37,180 +5% 26,300 Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 58 $42,550 +3% 82,200 Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic 58 $47,560 +3% 157,800 Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders 58 $38,680 +3% 5,600 Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity 58 $52,950 +3% 176,900 Operations Research Analysts 56 $83,640 +23% 121,000 Broadcast Announcers and Radio Disc Jockeys 56 $41,710 -6% 25,100 Software Quality Assurance Analysts 54 $101,800 +17% 221,500 Advertising Sales Agents 54 $60,750 -7% 111,000 Network and Computer Systems Administrators 52 $95,360 +2% 363,900 Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians 52 $50,200 +5% 193,200 Librarians and Media Collections Specialists 52 $64,370 +3% 143,600 Editors 52 $73,580 -5% 130,100 Janitors and Cleaners 52 $35,020 +3% 2,482,800 Insurance Sales Agents 52 $59,080 +6% 575,800 Machinists 52 $51,050 +0% 330,600 Light Truck Drivers 52 $40,410 +12% 1,028,100 Database Administrators 52 $101,510 +8% 163,500 Food Preparation Workers 52 $31,170 +5% 1,091,800 Actuaries 52 $120,000 +23% 32,300 Automotive and Watercraft Service Attendants 52 $33,420 +8% 108,100 Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists 52 $68,930 +4% 94,200 Appraisers of Personal and Business Property 52 $63,600 +3% 12,300 Survey Researchers 52 $60,390 +2% 11,400 Social Science Research Assistants 52 $53,200 +5% 31,700 Legal Support Workers, All Other 52 $63,520 +4% 97,800 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists 52 $60,780 +5% 175,200 Medical Equipment Preparers 52 $42,900 +5% 66,100 Cooks, Short Order 52 $30,790 +5% 95,200 Food Servers, Nonrestaurant 52 $30,790 +5% 267,200 Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop 52 $28,970 +5% 415,800 Gambling Dealers 52 $29,080 +5% 81,900 Parts Salespersons 52 $36,470 +2% 243,400 Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs 52 $50,820 +3% 153,800 Library Assistants, Clerical 52 $33,490 +3% 99,900 Cargo and Freight Agents 52 $48,650 +3% 110,200 Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance 52 $46,680 +3% 195,700 Agricultural Equipment Operators 52 $36,580 +3% 27,100 Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers 52 $44,180 -5% 113,600 Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers 52 $35,390 +3% 155,200 Slaughterers and Meat Packers 52 $37,380 +3% 83,900 Food Batchmakers 52 $37,040 +5% 101,800 Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders 52 $47,740 -3% 14,600 Pourers and Casters, Metal 52 $44,180 -3% 15,800 Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other 52 $36,700 -3% 22,400 Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders 52 $52,930 +3% 44,200 Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 52 $48,820 +3% 29,000 Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders 52 $43,040 +3% 18,800 Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers 52 $36,700 +3% 15,000 Production Workers, All Other 52 $38,230 +3% 193,700 Bus Drivers, School 52 $41,530 +3% 450,700 Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders 52 $52,650 +3% 9,800 Material Moving Workers, All Other 52 $37,480 +3% 28,200 Computer Occupations, All Other 50 $101,440 +5% 472,300 Compliance Officers 48 $75,670 +4.6% 357,700 Management Analysts 48 $99,410 +10% 1,010,100 Web Developers 48 $92,750 +8% 216,200 Waiters and Waitresses 48 $31,830 +3% 2,361,500 Real Estate Sales Agents 48 $56,620 +2% 191,200 Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators 48 $56,810 +4% 455,200 Computer Network Support Specialists 48 $72,060 +2% 170,900 Database Architects 48 $135,980 +8.7% 96,200 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologists and Technicians 48 $70,030 +2% 124,100 Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products 48 $72,300 -2% 13,400 Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate 48 $61,560 +3% 83,800 Financial Specialists, All Other 48 $79,520 +4% 92,400 Industrial Engineering Technologists and Technicians 48 $60,220 +1% 64,900 Mechanical Engineering Technologists and Technicians 48 $61,480 +1% 39,400 Chemical Technicians 48 $56,200 +3% 62,500 Broadcast Technicians 48 $49,050 +2% 29,800 Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other 48 $30,340 +5% 78,200 Gambling Service Workers, All Other 48 $31,740 +3% 5,600 Demonstrators and Product Promoters 48 $36,210 +3% 79,000 Court, Municipal, and License Clerks 48 $42,430 +3% 143,500 Continuous Mining Machine Operators 48 $55,370 -5% 6,900 Mining Machine Operators, All Other 48 $53,270 -3% 12,700 Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters 48 $48,080 +1% 67,200 Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators 48 $39,420 +3% 21,200 Semiconductor Processing Technicians 48 $47,040 +5% 33,900 Etchers and Engravers 48 $38,460 +3% 8,200 Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic 48 $40,960 +3% 20,200 Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters 48 $75,510 -3% 41,200 Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment 48 $32,330 +5% 322,700 Wellhead Pumpers 48 $51,580 -5% 9,100 Administrative Services Managers 46 $107,560 +5% 359,300 Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents 46 $76,990 +7% 506,100 Purchasing Managers 42 $136,380 +4% 82,600 Web and Digital Interface Designers 42 $101,920 +8% 126,900 Statisticians 42 $104,110 +11% 41,600 Audio and Video Technicians 42 $55,590 +5% 109,800 Pharmacists 42 $136,030 -2% 330,600 Dental Assistants 42 $46,540 +9% 378,800 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing 42 $73,080 +1% 1,354,300 Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop 42 $33,500 +2% 277,300 Phlebotomists 42 $42,040 +11% 145,200 Amusement and Recreation Attendants 42 $29,520 +9% 359,100 Construction and Building Inspectors 42 $65,740 +1% 147,000 Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers 42 $48,560 +1% 393,800 Business Operations Specialists, All Other 42 $82,720 +5% 976,200 Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers 42 $65,010 -5% 179,100 Bakers 42 $35,540 +9% 230,600 Film and Video Editors 42 $67,050 +5% 37,900 Postmasters and Mail Superintendents 42 $80,800 -5% 17,300 Financial Examiners 42 $82,210 +21% 72,900 Environmental Engineering Technologists and Technicians 42 $50,010 +5% 14,800 Surveying and Mapping Technicians 42 $49,080 +5% 52,500 Biological Technicians 42 $52,180 +5% 97,500 Audio-Visual and Multimedia Collections Specialists 42 $57,340 +3% 10,200 Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers 42 $36,800 +3% 81,200 Designers, All Other 42 $63,470 +3% 40,100 Media and Communication Equipment Workers, All Other 42 $54,290 +3% 23,100 Gambling Surveillance Officers and Gambling Investigators 42 $39,680 +3% 8,000 Crossing Guards and Flaggers 42 $36,070 +3% 112,800 Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria 42 $34,900 +5% 401,400 Cooks, All Other 42 $33,940 +5% 43,600 Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 42 $32,170 +3% 843,400 Sales and Related Workers, All Other 42 $41,280 +3% 172,700 Log Graders and Scalers 42 $44,030 -5% 3,300 Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators, Surface Mining 42 $53,590 +3% 26,700 Tire Repairers and Changers 42 $36,810 +3% 102,200 Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers 42 $41,260 +3% 37,800 Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers 42 $59,010 +3% 38,800 Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Programmers 42 $63,760 +5% 18,900 Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers 42 $34,140 -5% 6,700 Painters, Transportation Equipment 42 $51,930 +3% 24,500 Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians 42 $33,990 +5% 23,700 Traffic Technicians 42 $51,890 +3% 5,600 Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators 42 $53,590 +3% 63,000 Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators 42 $64,680 +3% 3,900 Pump Operators, Except Wellhead Pumpers 42 $52,470 +3% 8,900 Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors 42 $44,340 +5% 147,800 Computer Network Architects 38 $129,840 +3% 182,900 Mathematicians 38 $120,950 +3% 3,100 Economists 38 $115,730 +6% 20,600 Photographers 38 $43,100 -4% 50,300 Medical Assistants 38 $42,000 +14% 780,100 First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers 38 $63,450 +0% 1,575,800 Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 38 $48,040 +2% 730,800 Radiologic Technologists and Technicians 38 $73,410 +6% 217,100 Judicial Law Clerks 38 $59,590 +3% 14,300 Real Estate Brokers 38 $68,630 +2% 51,900 Compensation and Benefits Managers 38 $136,380 +2% 18,300 Agricultural Technicians 38 $42,260 +5% 22,800 Commercial and Industrial Designers 38 $76,080 +3% 35,800 Health Technologists and Technicians, All Other 38 $53,810 +5% 98,400 Baggage Porters and Bellhops 38 $33,740 +5% 17,300 Sales Representatives of Services, Except Advertising, Insurance, Financial Services, and Travel 38 $71,420 +3% 805,100 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products 38 $100,360 +1% 327,900 Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators 38 $51,290 +4% 54,100 Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas 38 $58,200 -5% 8,700 Service Unit Operators, Oil and Gas 38 $50,120 -5% 22,100 Butchers and Meat Cutters 38 $38,440 +3% 134,500 Sewers, Hand 38 $33,740 -5% 6,100 Dental Laboratory Technicians 38 $48,670 +5% 36,200 Transportation Workers, All Other 38 $42,820 +5% 30,900 Dredge Operators 38 $53,080 +3% 2,500 Hoist and Winch Operators 38 $54,630 +3% 4,400 Writers and Authors 36 $73,690 -3% 51,250 Data Scientists 34 $108,020 +36% 202,200 News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists 34 $57,500 -3% 49,500 Advertising and Promotions Managers 32 $131,870 +3% 22,200 Human Resources Specialists 32 $67,650 +8% 857,600 Software Developers 32 $132,270 +17% 1,857,500 Cooks, Restaurant 32 $35,550 +15% 1,457,500 Maintenance and Repair Workers, General 32 $46,700 +5% 1,511,200 Surgical Technologists 32 $60,370 +6% 117,300 Public Relations Specialists 32 $66,750 +6% 346,700 Commercial Pilots 32 $113,080 +6% 44,300 Farm Labor Contractors 32 $36,500 +2% 6,200 Personal Financial Advisors 32 $99,580 +7% 330,300 Surveyors 32 $68,570 +5% 50,700 Environmental Science and Protection Technicians 32 $50,210 +6% 37,400 Occupational Health and Safety Technicians 32 $55,950 +5% 22,700 Archivists 32 $60,050 +5% 7,700 Sound Engineering Technicians 32 $62,840 +5% 16,200 Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians 32 $65,050 +5% 60,500 Nuclear Medicine Technologists 32 $92,500 +2% 19,100 Dietetic Technicians 32 $37,390 +7% 30,000 Ophthalmic Medical Technicians 32 $43,810 +6% 74,200 Physical Therapist Aides 32 $33,400 +14% 45,900 Bartenders 32 $31,510 +8% 710,100 Public Safety Telecommunicators 32 $49,530 +3% 102,300 Agricultural Inspectors 32 $49,130 +3% 15,700 Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals 32 $34,440 +2% 92,000 Logging Equipment Operators 32 $48,080 -5% 26,600 Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters 32 $38,740 +3% 22,300 Roustabouts, Oil and Gas 32 $43,810 -5% 46,500 Helpers--Extraction Workers 32 $40,870 -3% 18,000 Radio, Cellular, and Tower Equipment Installers and Repairers 32 $63,120 +5% 14,300 Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers 32 $48,840 +3% 18,200 Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles 32 $42,700 +3% 8,100 Audiovisual Equipment Installers and Repairers 32 $47,240 +5% 28,700 Home Appliance Repairers 32 $46,820 +3% 32,900 Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers 32 $61,560 -5% 101,700 Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers 32 $36,240 +5% 106,400 Tool and Die Makers 32 $58,390 -3% 54,100 Power Distributors and Dispatchers 32 $104,200 +0% 10,500 Chemical Plant and System Operators 32 $72,440 +3% 36,600 Gas Plant Operators 32 $82,020 +3% 10,200 Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers 32 $78,670 -3% 38,600 Plant and System Operators, All Other 32 $62,800 +3% 14,800 Crane and Tower Operators 32 $63,970 +3% 56,900 Industrial Engineers 30 $99,380 +12% 314,700 Financial Managers 28 $156,100 +16.8% 781,600 Construction Laborers 28 $44,190 +5% 1,296,100 Gambling Managers 28 $88,120 +3% 5,100 Chemists 28 $84,680 +6% 82,100 Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers 28 $37,750 +5% 1,165,400 Administrative Services and Facilities Managers 28 $104,900 +5% 161,800 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers 28 $62,850 +5% 439,500 Labor Relations Specialists 28 $82,010 +2% 88,400 Food Scientists and Technologists 28 $79,860 +8% 17,700 Atmospheric and Space Scientists 28 $101,790 +4% 10,900 Sociologists 28 $97,590 +4% 3,100 Urban and Regional Planners 28 $81,800 +7% 40,100 Nuclear Technicians 28 $99,340 +0% 6,600 Floral Designers 28 $33,030 -8% 39,900 Radiation Therapists 28 $98,300 +3% 17,080 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologists 28 $77,360 +6% 42,400 Healthcare Support Workers, All Other 28 $38,190 +5% 99,200 Private Detectives and Investigators 28 $52,120 +6% 35,800 Protective Service Workers, All Other 28 $40,310 +5% 73,200 Pest Control Workers 28 $42,120 +5% 90,100 Grounds Maintenance Workers, All Other 28 $37,300 +3% 26,500 Concierges 28 $38,330 +8% 35,400 Painters, Construction and Maintenance 28 $46,080 +3% 261,300 Helpers--Carpenters 28 $37,820 +3% 24,500 Helpers--Electricians 28 $37,580 +6% 62,900 Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons 28 $37,350 +3% 11,200 Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 28 $37,170 +5% 46,300 Helpers--Roofers 28 $37,780 +5% 13,400 Highway Maintenance Workers 28 $46,130 +3% 147,200 Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment 28 $72,240 +3% 13,000 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment 28 $66,510 +3% 52,200 Rail Car Repairers 28 $61,010 +3% 21,800 Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics 28 $42,280 +3% 34,100 Control and Valve Installers and Repairers 28 $62,440 +3% 50,300 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other 28 $49,530 +5% 157,800 Upholsterers 28 $41,620 +3% 26,200 Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters 28 $41,850 +3% 90,500 Power Plant Operators 28 $100,090 -3% 32,200 Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators 28 $66,530 +3% 29,800 Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators 28 $53,390 +5% 119,600 Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers 28 $46,310 +3% 21,900 Medical Appliance Technicians 28 $45,580 +5% 16,200 Sailors and Marine Oilers 28 $49,630 +3% 26,900 Motorboat Operators 28 $45,740 +3% 3,900 Transportation Inspectors 28 $77,390 +3% 28,700 Art Directors 26 $105,680 +5% 109,200 Marketing Managers 24 $161,030 +6.6% 384,980 Engineers, All Other 24 $105,010 +3% 194,600 Fine Artists 24 $55,560 +5% 14,900 Actors 24 $58,580 +3% 42,200 First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers 24 $90,880 +3% 289,300 Industrial Production Managers 22 $115,480 +1% 210,910 Personal Service Managers 22 $45,600 +8% 301,800 Project Management Specialists 22 $98,580 +7% 1,018,400 Electrical Engineers 22 $110,950 +3% 192,700 Lawyers 22 $145,760 +5.6% 827,100 Interior Designers 22 $64,680 +4% 92,800 First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers 22 $41,460 +8% 1,273,700 First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers 22 $66,620 -1% 693,600 Industrial Machinery Mechanics 22 $62,090 +15% 419,700 First-Line Supervisors of Transportation Workers 22 $61,730 +5% 281,000 Lodging Managers 22 $62,020 +8% 48,300 Computer Hardware Engineers 22 $138,200 +7% 86,200 Petroleum Engineers 22 $135,690 -2% 28,700 Soil and Plant Scientists 22 $70,150 +7% 18,300 Environmental Scientists and Specialists 22 $78,980 +6% 82,400 Correctional Officers and Jailers 22 $49,610 -6% 392,900 First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers 22 $46,310 +0% 1,242,600 Museum Technicians and Conservators 22 $53,620 +3% 15,900 Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers 22 $105,580 +8% 164,500 Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners 22 $56,920 +8% 156,300 Electronics Engineers, Except Computer 22 $113,580 +2% 122,800 Materials Engineers 22 $100,830 +6% 27,900 Mining and Geological Engineers 22 $100,420 -4% 5,900 Materials Scientists 22 $105,550 +6% 7,500 Geoscientists 22 $93,580 +5% 28,900 Hydrologists 22 $91,340 +5% 7,100 Political Scientists 22 $132,050 +6% 5,400 Occupational Health and Safety Specialists 22 $81,140 +5% 122,300 Teaching Assistants, Postsecondary 22 $38,600 +5% 167,500 Fashion Designers 22 $80,440 +1% 24,300 Diagnostic Medical Sonographers 22 $84,990 +14% 82,200 Hearing Aid Specialists 22 $60,230 +15% 12,500 Occupational Therapy Aides 22 $36,120 +17% 6,300 First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers 22 $47,220 +5% 252,500 First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers 22 $46,160 +8% 301,800 Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other 22 $35,600 +5% 104,800 Sales Engineers 22 $112,000 +5% 60,100 Boilermakers 22 $64,740 +3% 15,800 Brickmasons and Blockmasons 22 $55,860 +3% 70,200 Carpet Installers 22 $47,170 +3% 24,400 Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles 22 $48,360 +3% 15,800 Floor Sanders and Finishers 22 $45,290 +3% 5,200 Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers 22 $51,650 +5% 175,900 Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers 22 $52,220 +5% 86,900 Tapers 22 $55,810 +5% 22,500 Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall 22 $48,090 +5% 32,900 Pipelayers 22 $47,280 +5% 33,800 Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers 22 $57,880 +5% 23,800 Roofers 22 $48,290 +5% 149,900 Sheet Metal Workers 22 $58,280 +5% 142,100 Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners 22 $46,100 +5% 18,400 Avionics Technicians 22 $73,220 +5% 21,000 Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay 22 $96,400 +3% 22,400 Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers 22 $58,200 +5% 91,800 Automotive Body and Related Repairers 22 $50,890 +3% 148,300 Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists 22 $56,850 +5% 278,800 Motorboat Mechanics and Service Technicians 22 $48,040 +5% 21,100 Motorcycle Mechanics 22 $44,310 +3% 16,400 Medical Equipment Repairers 22 $59,180 +14% 48,100 Locksmiths and Safe Repairers 22 $47,940 +3% 25,600 Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers 22 $41,000 +3% 3,900 Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers 22 $37,120 +3% 34,300 Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels 22 $88,180 +3% 33,300 Ship Engineers 22 $82,550 +3% 9,100 Sales Managers 18 $135,160 +4% 469,800 Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers 18 $80,320 -1% 291,010 Training and Development Specialists 18 $64,340 +6% 380,400 Aerospace Engineers 18 $130,720 +6% 66,200 Civil Engineers 18 $97,380 +5% 328,200 Mechanical Engineers 18 $99,510 +2% 284,900 Producers and Directors 18 $86,140 +5% 152,000 Musicians and Singers 18 $51,900 +4% 40,500 Carpenters 18 $56,350 +3% 790,000 Nursing Assistants 18 $38,200 +4% 1,521,700 Physical Therapist Assistants 18 $64,080 +14% 102,300 Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics 18 $62,190 +5% 167,500 Facilities Managers 18 $104,900 +5% 161,800 Food Service Managers 18 $63,060 +6% 406,200 Information Security Analysts 18 $120,360 +33% 188,100 Environmental Engineers 18 $100,090 +6% 46,300 Social and Human Service Assistants 18 $39,860 +8% 450,800 Instructional Coordinators 18 $74,620 +2% 213,400 Radiologists 18 $340,280 +3% 33,900 Architects, Except Landscape and Naval 18 $96,640 +5% 123,700 Travel Guides 18 $37,160 +8% 36,200 Public Relations Managers 18 $130,480 +6% 96,100 Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes 18 $82,080 +10% 16,600 Fundraisers 18 $64,160 +10% 87,400 Landscape Architects 18 $76,100 +4% 24,100 Agricultural Engineers 18 $83,600 +5% 2,600 Chemical Engineers 18 $112,100 +8% 26,100 Health and Safety Engineers 18 $100,660 +4% 28,400 Marine Engineers and Naval Architects 18 $100,900 +4% 10,700 Animal Scientists 18 $73,070 +5% 3,200 Microbiologists 18 $85,000 +5% 21,600 Industrial-Organizational Psychologists 18 $147,420 +6% 1,400 Anthropologists and Archeologists 18 $63,800 +4% 8,400 Teaching Assistants, Except Postsecondary 18 $33,680 +3% 1,356,200 Dental Hygienists 18 $87,530 +7% 211,470 Psychiatric Technicians 18 $40,870 +5% 78,900 Veterinary Technologists and Technicians 18 $43,740 +15% 123,500 Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers 18 $34,980 +15% 111,600 Fire Inspectors and Investigators 18 $68,100 +4% 15,900 Bailiffs 18 $50,770 +0% 17,000 Shampooers 18 $29,020 +3% 12,700 Tour Guides and Escorts 18 $35,600 +8% 49,200 Models 18 $37,600 +5% 1,600 Fishers and Related Fishing Workers 18 $35,400 +3% 32,400 Stonemasons 18 $48,010 +3% 10,200 Tile and Stone Setters 18 $49,420 +5% 59,200 Glaziers 18 $51,380 +5% 58,400 Insulation Workers, Mechanical 18 $56,600 +5% 25,800 Plasterers and Stucco Masons 18 $49,640 +5% 22,200 Structural Iron and Steel Workers 18 $62,510 +5% 80,800 Fence Erectors 18 $44,540 +5% 25,000 Hazardous Materials Removal Workers 18 $48,550 +3% 47,100 Explosives Workers, Ordnance Handling Experts, and Blasters 18 $59,460 +3% 5,100 Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians 18 $72,700 +5% 155,800 Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians 18 $47,900 +5% 34,200 Millwrights 18 $62,420 +5% 45,600 Riggers 18 $57,380 +5% 16,800 Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors 18 $56,480 +3% 9,200 General and Operations Managers 16 $101,280 +5% 3,281,100 Biological Scientists, All Other 16 $87,660 +5% 34,300 Human Resources Managers 14 $136,350 +6% 198,600 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 14 $63,700 +5% 511,900 Heating, AC, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers 14 $57,670 +9% 406,900 Recreation Workers 14 $33,640 +7% 444,200 First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers 14 $77,380 +2% 555,200 Computer and Information Research Scientists 14 $145,080 +26% 40,200 Music Directors and Composers 14 $62,940 +5% 23,700 Training and Development Managers 14 $125,040 +6% 42,800 Bioengineers and Biomedical Engineers 14 $100,590 +5% 23,000 Nuclear Engineers 14 $124,140 +0% 18,000 Biochemists and Biophysicists 14 $104,110 +7% 34,900 Conservation Scientists 14 $65,740 +5% 24,800 Foresters 14 $67,050 +3% 12,600 Astronomers 14 $130,940 +5% 2,600 Physicists 14 $155,680 +5% 19,800 Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists 14 $61,800 +3% 91,930 Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers 14 $107,000 +3% 16,900 Tutors 14 $39,050 +5% 195,900 Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other 14 $44,720 +5% 46,800 First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers 14 $56,500 +5% 166,600 Tree Trimmers and Pruners 14 $48,600 +5% 54,700 First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers 14 $48,160 +8% 34,900 Manicurists and Pedicurists 14 $33,650 +8% 156,400 First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers 14 $55,110 +3% 47,800 Forest and Conservation Workers 14 $33,950 +5% 17,400 Solar Photovoltaic Installers 14 $48,800 +22% 20,300 Computer and Information Systems Managers 12 $169,510 +15.4% 582,300 Medical Scientists 12 $100,890 +10% 152,200 Substitute Teachers 12 $36,400 +3% 576,500 Licensed Practical Nurses 12 $59,730 +3% 683,400 Electricians 12 $65,280 +6% 739,200 Animal Caretakers 12 $32,810 +14% 294,500 Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary 12 $97,210 +5% 53,200 Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education, and English as a Second Language Instructors 12 $62,020 +4% 63,400 Emergency Medical Technicians 12 $40,030 +5% 270,200 Occupational Therapy Assistants 12 $67,420 +18% 49,400 Detectives and Criminal Investigators 12 $95,500 +3% 121,100 First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 12 $77,650 +4% 774,300 Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists 12 $68,880 +3% 17,800 Health Education Specialists 12 $62,860 +7% 60,700 Library Science Teachers, Postsecondary 12 $82,990 +3% 4,100 Self-Enrichment Teachers 12 $46,480 +11% 341,700 Teachers and Instructors, All Other 12 $44,020 +3% 159,400 Craft Artists 12 $39,080 +3% 8,200 Respiratory Therapists 12 $77,960 +13% 137,800 Orthotists and Prosthetists 12 $79,770 +15% 10,500 First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers 12 $72,090 +3% 50,200 Transit and Railroad Police 12 $66,830 +3% 4,800 Chefs and Head Cooks 12 $58,920 +6% 163,000 Cooks, Private Household 12 $46,900 +3% 7,200 Elevator and Escalator Installers and Repairers 12 $102,420 +3% 30,300 Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers 12 $86,440 +3% 125,700 Nuclear Power Reactor Operators 12 $114,700 +0% 6,000 Flight Attendants 12 $68,370 +10% 136,700 Military Enlisted Tactical Operations and Air/Weapons Specialists and Crew Members, All Other 12 $45,000 +3% 285,000 Natural Sciences Managers 10 $157,740 +4% 82,300 Choreographers 10 $52,980 +4% 10,200 Skincare Specialists 10 $41,240 +12% 82,200 Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $95,020 +4% 2,200 Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $101,900 +5% 12,200 Sociology Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $78,230 +4% 16,300 Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $81,960 +4% 9,600 Economics Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $116,850 +5% 14,700 Geography Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $83,170 +4% 4,400 Political Science Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $87,470 +4% 16,100 Philosophy and Religion Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $79,140 +4% 21,900 Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $72,040 +5% 18,500 Communications Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $76,600 +4% 27,100 Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $76,860 +4% 27,500 History Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $81,190 +4% 23,200 English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary 10 $79,140 +4% 54,800 Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance 10 $64,420 +8% 4,600 Speech-Language Pathologists 9 $95,410 +15% 177,500 Education and Childcare Administrators, Preschool and Daycare 8 $52,930 +5% 77,170 Architectural and Engineering Managers 8 $165,370 +3% 201,700 Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors 8 $61,710 +4% 332,100 Business Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $100,320 +5% 98,000 First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives 8 $100,420 +3% 135,600 Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers 8 $74,910 +3% 665,300 Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists 8 $35,870 +5% 699,800 Dietitians and Nutritionists 8 $69,680 +7% 83,900 Barbers 8 $37,920 +5% 87,700 Education Administrators, Postsecondary 8 $102,610 +4% 196,600 Rehabilitation Counselors 8 $42,280 +3% 130,600 Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School 8 $65,220 +1% 147,300 Coaches and Scouts 8 $46,760 +12% 315,200 Genetic Counselors 8 $93,560 +18% 5,100 Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Arrangers 8 $57,300 +3% 23,500 Social and Community Service Managers 8 $77,030 +9% 207,100 Funeral Home Managers 8 $79,400 +3% 10,100 Social Workers, All Other 8 $64,120 +5% 76,400 Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators 8 $68,440 +3% 7,100 Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $80,350 +5% 63,400 Architecture Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $95,740 +4% 6,800 Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $115,170 +5% 49,100 Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $87,280 +5% 60,800 Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $86,650 +5% 25,000 Physics Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $99,210 +5% 14,600 Psychology Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $79,540 +5% 42,600 Education Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $73,780 +5% 73,200 Law Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $126,180 +4% 17,200 Social Work Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $78,780 +5% 11,900 Career/Technical Education Teachers, Postsecondary 8 $61,120 +4% 148,200 Dancers 8 $46,880 +3% 10,900 Exercise Physiologists 8 $53,340 +11% 7,000 Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other 8 $78,740 +8% 30,400 Paramedics 8 $52,800 +7% 73,700 Fish and Game Wardens 8 $60,780 +3% 5,700 Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers 8 $28,860 +5% 159,700 Animal Trainers 8 $37,990 +14% 58,200 Embalmers 8 $52,950 +3% 6,400 Residential Advisors 8 $35,480 +3% 60,000 Wind Turbine Service Technicians 8 $61,770 +45% 13,400 Aircraft Launch and Recovery Officers 8 $105,000 +3% 2,800 Artillery and Missile Officers 8 $100,000 +3% 5,500 Veterinarians 7 $125,510 +9.6% 90,200 Medical and Health Services Managers 6 $110,680 +28.4% 563,700 Registered Nurses 6 $93,600 +4.9% 3,290,900 Home Health and Personal Care Aides 6 $33,530 +20% 3,832,300 Childcare Workers 6 $30,370 +3% 544,800 Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors 6 $46,480 +14% 382,600 Chiropractors 6 $75,380 +4% 37,940 Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary 6 $103,460 +1% 301,200 Healthcare Social Workers 6 $62,940 +7% 198,200 Podiatrists 6 $152,640 +1% 10,700 Audiologists 6 $87,740 +10% 14,400 Massage Therapists 6 $55,310 +18% 120,600 Emergency Management Directors 6 $83,960 +3% 11,200 Directors, Religious Activities and Education 6 $49,080 +3% 23,900 Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates 6 $154,140 +3% 28,600 Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary 6 $128,170 +16% 291,800 Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary 6 $80,780 +12% 74,800 Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary 6 $76,870 +4% 110,100 Optometrists 6 $131,860 +9% 39,800 Recreational Therapists 6 $53,410 +4% 20,400 Athletic Trainers 6 $57,200 +14% 33,800 Home Health Aides 6 $33,530 +20% 881,600 First-Line Supervisors of Firefighting and Prevention Workers 6 $82,010 +4% 69,200 Personal Care Aides 6 $33,530 +20% 2,950,700 Air Crew Officers 6 $110,000 +3% 17,200 Military Officer Special and Tactical Operations Leaders, All Other 6 $105,000 +3% 16,200 Chief Executives 4 $213,550 +3% 210,340 Clinical and Counseling Psychologists 4 $96,100 +11% 94,900 Child, Family, and School Social Workers 4 $53,940 +5% 379,900 Secondary School Teachers 4 $65,220 +1% 1,099,800 Physicians, All Other 4 $229,300 +3% 392,200 Preschool Teachers 4 $37,750 +3% 512,150 Anesthesiologists 4 $302,970 +3% 33,100 General Internal Medicine Physicians 4 $224,460 +3% 59,500 Ophthalmologists 4 $302,000 +3% 16,400 Pediatricians, General 4 $198,420 +3% 30,900 Acupuncturists 4 $71,310 +17% 8,300 Firefighters 4 $57,120 +4% 330,800 Legislators 4 $41,000 +1% 45,400 School Psychologists 4 $87,660 +6% 63,400 Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors 4 $53,710 +18% 115,200 Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers 4 $55,960 +11% 146,800 Middle School Teachers 4 $63,670 +1% 684,300 Special Education Teachers, Secondary School 4 $65,220 +2% 152,100 Special Education Teachers, All Other 4 $65,220 +2% 45,200 Emergency Medicine Physicians 4 $310,640 +3% 39,200 Orthodontists 4 $200,000 +4% 5,400 Construction Managers 3 $106,980 +8.7% 523,100 Mental Health Counselors 2 $53,710 +22% 348,100 Elementary School Teachers 2 $63,670 +1% 1,510,800 Physician Assistants 2 $133,260 +20.4% 153,200 Physical Therapists 2 $101,020 +10.9% 274,790 Nurse Practitioners 2 $129,210 +40.1% 385,000 Family Medicine Physicians 2 $224,460 +3% 122,060 Dentists, General 2 $172,790 +4.1% 157,100 Occupational Therapists 2 $98,340 +13.8% 135,400 Nurse Anesthetists 2 $212,040 +9% 46,820 Surgeons, All Other 2 $260,000 +3% 36,200 Psychiatrists 2 $247,350 +3% 25,160 Marriage and Family Therapists 2 $58,510 +15% 66,500 Clergy 2 $57,230 +3% 53,300 Kindergarten Teachers 2 $63,670 +1% 156,200 Special Education Teachers, Preschool 2 $63,100 +5% 22,000 Special Education Teachers, Kindergarten and Elementary School 2 $63,670 +2% 193,500 Special Education Teachers, Middle School 2 $63,670 +2% 100,300 Athletes and Sports Competitors 2 $77,300 +9% 17,200 Nurse Midwives 2 $120,880 +12% 7,500 Acute Care Nurse Practitioners 2 $129,210 +40% 45,000 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons 2 $234,990 +3% 5,200
Sources and methodology The score is a relative index of task exposure from 0 to 100. It is not a percentage chance of losing a job or a forecast of layoffs. Individual tasks, employer choices, adoption, and regulation all matter.
The Index uses stored BLS-based occupation data. O*NET, OECD capability indicators, and task-exposure research are contextual references. The derivation of the stored occupation scores is not reproducibly documented in the published dataset.
The source snapshot does not record the wage-survey year or employment-projection window. Check the original BLS release before treating these figures as current. Editorial changes and export dates do not establish data freshness.
Read the methodology and limitations